I don't understand your issue Perhaps you should use the contact for support of the Android Outlook app. There is no mystery about it. You stated you have an office outlook on your computer with outlook office email. for the Android part, you just set up the very same email address or Address I personally have about 10 different email addresses that I use for different purposes. I have 3 email addresses that I use on my Samsun S8 Plus. These three email addresses have to same emails on both my computers 4 two notebooks and 2 desktops All Windows 10 Pro, and my Samsung S8 Plus all receive the same emails with attachments They all stay in perfect sync. I have multiple folders in all three that I use on my Smart Phone in the Outlook App I have only the folders that I need to see on my phone this is the setting I use each has a different folder. By Folder I mean Default folders are Inbox, Deleted Items, Sent Items, and outbox, right? Well, I have multiple folders I have created to store long term emails by category now then these folders have to be turned on in Outlook App for the to download emails that are sorted by Rules that automatically sent to the correct folders.
I never connect my SmartPhone to my computers for email ever. they only thing I do sometimes connect to phone is to download Pictures from the phone and seldom do that since all pictures I take on the phone upload to the cloud DropBox and automatically sync to all my computers which also have dropbox installed.
I believe that the issue you are having is that you for some reason want to connect your phone to your computer and somehow transfer email manually? To do this you would have to run a back up from your computer to your phone. Microsoft recently changed all their email programs to run off Exchange Servers, and this may be why you can't do what you were doing with Windows 7. With POP mail all you would have to do is copy your *.PST folder, with IMAP there is no PST folder your email is stored on the MS Exchange Mail Servers.
